“公田五十亩”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《九月五日得姑苏谢学士寄木兰堂官酝》是宋代梅尧臣创作的一首诗词。以下是对该诗的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

中文译文：
公田五十亩，种植秫秸未成。杯中没有浑浊的酒，案上只有《丹经》一本。突然有了洞庭湖的客人，传来美妙的乌和程。说盛着木兰花的露水，酿成了坛子中清澈的酒。木兰花香气还未散去，玉盎中保存着华丽的花瓣。正值菊花初开，就来到花下倾听。一饮即使使君醉，谁能理解我的醉意。我的醉意已经无法解释，百日的烦恼轻松了。

诗意：
这首诗描绘了作者在九月五日收到姑苏谢学士寄来的木兰堂官酝的情景。诗中以简洁而凝练的语言，表达了作者的愉悦和对美好时刻的珍惜。诗人观赏公田，尽管秋天的庄稼还未成熟，但心中却充满了满足和欢乐。他喝着清澈的酒，读着经书，享受着宁静和知识带来的满足感。突然，有客人从洞庭湖而来，传来了美妙的乌和程。他们说这是用木兰花的露水酿造的美酒，清香可口。作者品味着酒中的花香，感受到了美的魅力。他来到花下，欣赏着初开的菊花，一饮美酒使他陶醉其中，无人能理解他的喜悦。他的醉意已经超越了言语的表达，百日的烦恼烟消云散。

赏析：
这首诗词以简练的语言描绘了一个闲暇愉快的时刻，展现了作者对美好生活的向往和追求。诗中运用了丰富的意象和充满感官的描写，将读者带入了一个宁静、美好的境界。通过对自然景物和人文情感的描绘，表达了作者对生活的热爱和对美的追求。整首诗意境清新，情感真挚，给人以愉悦和舒适的感受。

诗人以自然景物和酒文化为载体，融入了对知识和艺术的追求，展示了一种精神上的富足和满意。同时，通过描述菊花初开的景象，表达了对生命短暂而美好的感慨，呼应了人生的无常和珍贵。整首诗以简约的语言塑造了一个美好的境界，引发读者对生活的思考和对美的追求。

这首诗词以其优美的语言和深刻的意境，展示了宋代文人的生活态度和审美追求，体现了中国古代文人的独特情趣和精神追《九月五日得姑苏谢学士寄木兰堂官酝》 is a poem written by Mei Yaochen during the Song Dynasty. Here is the Chinese translation, the poetic meaning, and an analysis of the poem:

Chinese Translation:
公田五十亩，种植的秫秸还未成熟。杯中没有浑浊的酒，案上只有一本《丹经》。突然有了洞庭湖的客人，传来美妙的乌和程。说盛着木兰花的露水，酿成了坛子里清澈的酒。木兰花香还未消散，玉盎中贮存着华丽的花瓣。正值菊花开放初期，我就来到花下倾听。一饮下去令我陶醉，谁能理解我的醉意。我的醉意已无法言表，百日的烦恼轻松了。

Poetic Meaning:
The poem describes the author receiving a gift of Mulan wine from Xie, a scholar from Suzhou, on the fifth day of September. The poem uses concise and refined language to express the author's joy and appreciation of a beautiful moment. The author observes his public field, even though the crops of millet are not yet ripe, he feels satisfied and joyful. He drinks clear wine from his cup and reads the book "Dan Jing" on his desk, enjoying the tranquility and the fulfillment brought by knowledge. Suddenly, a guest arrives from Dongting Lake, bringing beautiful tales of Wu and Cheng. They speak of the clear wine brewed from the dew of Mulan flowers, filling the jar with its purity. The fragrance of the Mulan flowers lingers, and the jade vessel preserves the splendid petals. As the chrysanthemums are just beginning to bloom, the author comes to listen beneath the flowers. With a sip, he becomes intoxicated, and no one can understand his inebriation. His intoxication can no longer be explained, and his worries disappear for a hundred days.

Analysis:
This poem depicts a leisurely and joyful moment, expressing the author's yearning for and pursuit of a good life. The poem employs rich imagery and sensory descriptions, transporting the reader to a serene and beautiful realm. Through the portrayal of natural scenery and human emotions, the author conveys his love for life and his pursuit of beauty. The entire poem evokes a fresh and sincere atmosphere, providing a pleasant and comfortable experience.

The poet employs natural scenery and the culture of wine to incorporate the pursuit of knowledge and art, showcasing spiritual richness and contentment. Simultaneously, by describing the early blooming chrysanthemums, the poem expresses a sense of appreciation for the short but beautiful nature of life, echoing the transience and preciousness of life. The poem uses simple language to create a beautiful realm, inspiring readers to contemplate life and the pursuit of beauty.

With its graceful language and profound imagery, this poem showcases the life attitude and aesthetic pursuit of literati during the Song Dynasty, reflecting the unique sentiment and spiritual pursuit of ancient Chinese literati.

jiǔ yuè wǔ rì dé gū sū xiè xué shì jì mù lán táng guān yùn
九月五日得姑苏谢学士寄木兰堂官酝

gōng tián wǔ shí mǔ, zhǒng shú qiū wèi chéng.
公田五十亩，种秫秋未成。
bēi zhōng wú zhuó jiǔ, àn shàng wéi dān jīng.
杯中无浊酒，案上唯丹经。
hū yǒu dòng tíng kè, měi chuán wū yǔ chéng.
忽有洞庭客，美传乌与程。
yán shèng mù lán lù, niàng zuò wèng jiān qīng.
言盛木兰露，酿作瓮间清。
mù lán xiāng wèi xiē, yù àng zhù huá yīng.
木兰香未歇，玉盎贮华英。
zhèng zhí jú chū chè, biàn lái huā xià qīng.
正值菊初坼，便来花下倾。
yī yǐn wèi jūn zuì, shuí néng jiě wú chéng.
一饮为君醉，谁能解吾酲。
wú chéng yǐ bù jiě, bǎi rì máo gǔ qīng.
吾酲已不解，百日毛骨轻。