“唯见里门通德榜”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《伤愚溪三首》诗歌的中文译文如下：

溪水悠悠春自来，
The water flows slowly as spring arrives.
草堂无主燕飞回。
The grass hut is abandoned, but the swallows return.
隔帘惟见中庭草，
From behind the curtain, only the courtyard grass is seen,
一树山榴依旧开。
One pomegranate tree still in bloom.

草圣数行留坏壁，
The grass hut's owner left only a few words on the damaged wall,
木奴千树属邻家。
While the trees all belong to my neighbor.
唯见里门通德榜，
Only the door of the inner room is adorned with the list of virtues,
残阳寂寞出樵车。
As the setting sun silently brings out the woodcutter's cart.

柳门竹巷依依在，
The willow gate and bamboo alley remain as they were,
野草青苔日日多。
With wild grass and green moss growing day by day.
纵有邻人解吹笛，
Even if there are neighbors playing the flute,
山阳旧侣更谁过。
Where are the old friends from Shanyang?

这首诗描绘了伤愚溪春天的景色和溪边破败的景象。诗人感叹着溪水悠悠，春天的到来似乎是一种自然的循环。草堂无主，燕子归来，象征着诗人颓废和时光的流逝。诗人透过窗帘，只能看到中庭草，意味着他与外界隔绝。然而，一树山榴依旧开放，显示了大自然的美丽与坚韧。诗人提到了草圣和木奴，暗示了他与邻居的关系和自身的无奈。里门通德榜，提醒着诗人德行的重要性，同时又强调他孤独寂寞的境遇。最后两句诗表达了诗人对故乡的思念和对旧友的怀念，山阳旧侣又谁会再来呢？整首诗以自然景色和寓意的对比直触人心，表达了诗人对逝去时光的感慨和对故乡的眷恋之情。

shāng yú xī sān shǒu
伤愚溪三首

xī shuǐ yōu yōu chūn zì lái, cǎo táng wú zhǔ yàn fēi huí.
溪水悠悠春自来，草堂无主燕飞回。
gé lián wéi jiàn zhōng tíng cǎo, yī shù shān liú yī jiù kāi.
隔帘惟见中庭草，一树山榴依旧开。
cǎo shèng shù xíng liú huài bì, mù nú qiān shù shǔ lín jiā.
草圣数行留坏壁，木奴千树属邻家。
wéi jiàn lǐ mén tōng dé bǎng, cán yáng jì mò chū qiáo chē.
唯见里门通德榜，残阳寂寞出樵车。
liǔ mén zhú xiàng yī yī zài, yě cǎo qīng tái rì rì duō.
柳门竹巷依依在，野草青苔日日多。
zòng yǒu lín rén jiě chuī dí, shān yáng jiù lǚ gèng shuí guò.
纵有邻人解吹笛，山阳旧侣更谁过。