“苔蚀断碑惊世换”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《昭德堂晚步》是宋代文人陆游创作的一首诗词。下面是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

笑唤枯筇蹋夕阳，
探春聊作静中忙。
高枝鹊语如相命，
幽径梅开秪自香。
苔蚀断碑惊世换，
钟来废寺觉城荒。
谪仙未必无遗恨，
老欠题诗到夜郎。

中文译文：
嬉笑着呼唤着枯竹，踏着夕阳徐步。
春天探寻，却只是在忙碌中寻找宁静。
高枝上的鹊鸟彷佛在预示着命运，
幽径中的梅花只有自己散发着芬芳。
藓苔侵蚀着断碑，惊动了世间的更迭，
钟声传来，废弃的寺庙让人感受到城市的荒凉。
被贬谪的仙人未必没有遗憾之情，
年迈的我却未能在夜郎题上一首诗。

诗意和赏析：
《昭德堂晚步》描绘了作者在昭德堂的晚间散步情景。诗中通过描述自然景物和个人感慨，展示了作者内心的感受和思考。

诗的前两句“笑唤枯筇踏夕阳，探春聊作静中忙”，描绘了作者在夕阳下散步的场景。他笑着呼唤着枯竹，踏着夕阳步行。探春指的是寻找春天的意象，然而这种探寻只是在忙碌中寻找片刻的宁静，表达了作者对生活的追求和对自然的向往。

接下来的两句“高枝鹊语如相命，幽径梅开秪自香”，通过自然景物的描写，表达了作者对命运和自然力量的感慨。高枝上的鹊鸟相互呼应，仿佛在预示着命运的安排，而幽径中的梅花虽然只有自己散发着芬芳，却也展示了自然的美好和独立的品质。

接下来的两句“苔蚀断碑惊世换，钟来废寺觉城荒”，通过对废墟和废寺的描写，表达了岁月更迭和城市荒凉的感受。苔藓侵蚀着断碑，惊动了世间的更迭，钟声传来，废弃的寺庙让人感受到城市的荒凉和时光的无情流转。

最后两句“谪仙未必无遗恨，老欠题诗到夜郎”，表达了作者对自己命运的思考和遗憾。被贬谪的仙人未必没有遗憾之情，而年迈的作者却未能在夜郎题上一首诗，暗示了作者对自己未尽的事业和心愿的遗憾。

整首诗以自然景物为背景，融入了个人情感和哲思，传达了作者对生活、命运和岁月流转的思考。《昭德堂晚步》 is a poem written by the Song dynasty poet Lu You. Here is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and appreciation of the poem:

笑唤枯筇蹋夕阳，
探春聊作静中忙。
高枝鹊语如相命，
幽径梅开秪自香。
苔蚀断碑惊世换，
钟来废寺觉城荒。
谪仙未必无遗恨，
老欠题诗到夜郎。

Translation:
With a smile, I call out to the withered bamboo, treading on the evening sun.
Seeking the arrival of spring, finding tranquility amidst busyness.
The chattering of magpies on tall branches seems like a predetermined fate,
The secluded path, where plum blossoms bloom, exudes its unique fragrance.
Moss erodes the broken stele, surprising the world with its changes,
The sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one sense the desolation of the city.
A banished immortal may not be without regrets,
In my old age, I owe a poem to the land of Ye Lang.

Poetic Meaning and Appreciation:
"昭德堂晚步" depicts the scene of the poet's evening walk at the Zhaode Hall. Through the description of natural scenery and personal reflections, the poem reveals the poet's inner feelings and contemplations.

The first two lines, "With a smile, I call out to the withered bamboo, treading on the evening sun," portray the poet's walking scene under the evening sun. He calls out to the withered bamboo with a smile, stepping on the rays of the setting sun. "探春" refers to the pursuit of spring, but this pursuit only finds a temporary tranquility amidst busyness, expressing the poet's pursuit of life and longing for nature.

The following two lines, "The chattering of magpies on tall branches seems like a predetermined fate, The secluded path, where plum blossoms bloom, exudes its unique fragrance," express the poet's contemplation on destiny and the forces of nature. The magpies on the high branches seem to communicate in a way that foretells fate, while the plum blossoms on the secluded path, although only emitting their own fragrance, also exhibit the beauty of nature and independent qualities.

The next two lines, "Moss erodes the broken stele, surprising the world with its changes, The sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one sense the desolation of the city," depict ruins and abandoned temples, expressing the sense of time passing and the desolation of the city. Moss erodes the broken stele, causing changes that astonish the world, and the sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one feel the desolation of the city and the relentless flow of time.

The final two lines, "A banished immortal may not be without regrets, In my old age, I owe a poem to the land of Ye Lang," convey the poet's thoughts on his own destiny and regrets. A banished immortal may not be without regrets, and in the poet's old age, he still owes a poem to the land of Ye Lang, indicating his regrets regarding unfinished aspirations and wishes.

The entire poem is set against the backdrop of natural scenery, infused with personal emotions and philosophical musings, conveying the poet's contemplation on life, destiny, and the passage of time.

zhāo dé táng wǎn bù
昭德堂晚步

xiào huàn kū qióng tà xī yáng, tàn chūn liáo zuò jìng zhōng máng.
笑唤枯筇蹋夕阳，探春聊作静中忙。
gāo zhī què yǔ rú xiāng mìng, yōu jìng méi kāi zhī zì xiāng.
高枝鹊语如相命，幽径梅开秪自香。
tái shí duàn bēi jīng shì huàn, zhōng lái fèi sì jué chéng huāng.
苔蚀断碑惊世换，钟来废寺觉城荒。
zhé xiān wèi bì wú yí hèn, lǎo qiàn tí shī dào yè láng.
谪仙未必无遗恨，老欠题诗到夜郎。